The Effects of the Normandy Invasion free essay sample

The Effects of the Normandy Invasion On June 6, 1944, the Allied invasion of Normandy, in France, was the beginning of the end for the Third Reich. In this bloody battle, that took place over sixty miles of beachhead on the Normandy coast, Allied forces broke through those of Germany and opened the way for Europe to be liberated from Nazi rule. In the decade preceding the Normandy Invasion (or â€Å"D-Day†), Hitler and his government, the Third Reich, conquered much of Europe, spreading terror and suffering. One nation that was conquered was France. Conquered in 1940, France was one key member of the Allied forces, including Great Britain, the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Australia. All of these nations were represented on that fateful day of June 6, 1944. At dawn, these allied troops, led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower, headed onto the beaches, fighting their way through the German forces. The destruction was great. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of the Normandy Invasion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The United States, alone, lost over three thousand soldiers in that battle. Both sides suffered heavy casualties. However, it was the Allied troops who prevailed. After over one month of fighting, the Germans finally retreated, and the Allies were able to make it safely into Paris. Victory, though costly, was theirs. ’ The Allies’ victory at Normandy opened the way for them to begin liberating the rest of Europe from Nazi occupation and oppression. After liberating France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and much of the Netherlands, the Allies pushed towards Germany, the dominating lion of Europe. As a result of their victories, Hitler, the Fuhrer of Germany, now had to fight on two fronts – the west and the east in Russia. This caused the Third Reich to become frustrated, andin a final attempt at conquering all of Europe, Hitler said, â€Å"All resistance must be broken in a wave of terror† (Beck 458). This led to the Battle of the Bulge, the final defeat of Germany by the Allies. And all of this was made possible because of the Allies’ victory at the Normandy Invasion. The goal of D-Day, to break German forces and open a way to defeat the Third Reich, was accomplished. Many lives, however, were lost in the cause. Many sons, husbands, and friends did not return to their homes after the invasion. This makes the Normandy Invasion important, not only because of its political significance, but also because of the legacy of those who fought in it.

Okc Murrah Building Bombing Essays

Okc Murrah Building Bombing Essays Okc Murrah Building Bombing Essay Okc Murrah Building Bombing Essay 4800 pounds of a common farm fertilizer, and fuel oil then was packed inside the rented truck. The most terrifying thing about the making of this bomb was that its ingredients were cheap and very accessible to the public. Most gardening stores sell 50 pound bags of ammonium nitrate for $10. The substantial destruction from the bomb was luck more than anything. Former FBI bomb expert Denny Kline commented that he made the biggest bomb he had accessible to him, placed the device outside, and hoped for the best, and in fact, it was the worst scenario (Camp, 1995). It blew off the front end of the building, blowing up ceilings and collapsing floors, and burying victims under an immense amount of concrete and steel (Camp, 1995) Just 90 minutes after the explosion, the Oklahoma Highway Patrol pulled over Timothy McVeigh for driving without a license plate on his vehicle. By April 21st, the 27-year-old Gulf War veteran would be known as the main suspect for the Alfred P. Murrah Building bombing and would subsequently be charged for the devastating crime. At the same time, Terry Nichols, McVeighs old army buddy was wanted for questioning. Nichols turned himself in, in Herington, Kansas, and was also charged with the bombing shortly after. (Clark, 1995) There has been speculation that the bombing of the federal building was to demonstrate the anti-government feelings over the 1993 government raid of the Branch Davidian Compound in Waco Texas. The Branch Davidians are a deeply religious group that originated in 1955 from a schism in the Davidian Seventh Day Adventists. They have many theological beliefs in common with Messianic Judaism. The Waco raid began because ATF (The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms) agents were trying to arrest a man named David Koresh, the head of the Davidian Branch, and search the Davidian Compound. The feds believed that Koresh was illegally converting semi-automatic AR-15’s into the fully automatic machine guns that soldiers use. Both McVeigh and Nichols were once spotted at the compound in Waco and were openly supporting the other Branch Davidians. In 1993, McVeigh drove to Waco, Texas during the Waco Siege to show his support. At the scene, he distributed pro-gun rights literature and bumper stickers, such as When guns are outlawed, I will become an outlaw. The bombing occurred exactly two years to the day after the compound burned to the ground killing 80 men, women, and children after a 51-day standoff between the Branch Davidians and the FBI. The bombing definitely put the spotlight on other groups with anti-government sentiments. McVeighs trial was set for Denver, Colorado on March 31, 1997. On June 3rd 1997, the jury found McVeigh guilty of all 11 counts, including eight counts of first degree murder in the deaths of eight federal law-enforcement agents, conspiracy to use a weapon of mass destruction, using a weapon of mass destruction, and destruction of a federal building. The jury deliberated for 23 and a half hours before deciding the verdict. In the end, Timothy McVeigh was left all alone as dozens of former best friends and family relatives testified against him (Eddy et al. , 1997). On June 14th 1997, the jury sentenced McVeigh to death by lethal injection. Many of the victims families were ecstaticly over joyed with the decision, as many people could see it no other way than to put him to death for the horrible crime he had committed. However, there were some people who were very saddened by the whole trial. One observer claimed that its not going to bring back my wife and lessen my loss, said Mike Lenz, whose wife was pregnant when killed by the explosion. Another echoed his attitude toward the situation, I really did not want the death penalty, said James Kreymborg, who lost his wife and daughter. Ive had enough death. (Wilmsen Simpson, 1997). The evidence against McVeigh was overwhelming. According to testimony, McVeigh constructed himself a fake drivers license with the name Bob Kling. Someone matching McVeighs description rented a Ryder truck in Junction City, Kansas. That truck which was identified by the axle number found at the bomb site blew up in Oklahoma City. McVeighs fingerprints were found all over a receipt that showed the purchasing 2,000 pounds of ammonium nitrate. He told his friend, Michael Fortier, that he planned to stash a getaway car in an alley near the federal building. The keys to that truck were found in the alley. In addition, testimony proclaimed that McVeigh was stopped 1 ? hours after the bombing; explosive residue was found on ear plugs inside his vehicle; he had an envelope packed with newspaper clippings and papers with revolutionary writings; he wore a tee-shirt with the slogan: The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. (Wilmsen Simpson, 1997). The trial for Terry Nichols had a different result compared to the one for McVeigh. Nichols trial took place after McVeighs trial. On December 24th 1997, the jury found Nichols not guilty in 10 of the 11 original charges against him. He was found guilty of one charge of conspiracy and eight lesser charges of involuntary manslaughter. The jury deadlocked as how to sentence Nichols and left it up to the judge (Gorov, 1998). On June 5th 1998 the judge, US District Court Judge Richard P. Matsch, gave the 43-year-old Nichols a life sentence for his role in the bombing (Haynes, 1998). The bombing was quickly solved, but the investigation turned out to be one of the most exhaustive in FBI history. No stone was left unturned to make sure every clue was found and all the culprits identified. By the time it was over, the Bureau had conducted more than 28,000 interviews, followed some 43,000 investigative leads, amassed three-and-a-half tons of evidence, and reviewed nearly a billion pieces of information. In the end, the government that McVeigh hated and hoped to topple swiftly captured him and convincingly convicted both him and his co-conspirators. The relatives of the victims were able to have some redemption with the horrible tragedy that happened. The worst terrorist act on US soil was committed by two Americans, the least likely thought by government officials to contain such a hatred for the American government. The April 19th 1995 bombing was an unthinkable tragedy but also an important lesson for the United States: one should look to themselves before pointing fingers at others. Page Camp, J. (1995). Terror in the heartland. CNN interactive: Oklahoma City Bombing: http://cgi. cnn. com/US/OKC/facts/Bombing/Terror5-4/index. html. Clark, T. (1995). The worst terrorist attack on US soil: April 19th 1995. CNN interactive: Oklahoma City Bombing: http://cgi. cnn. com/US/OKC/daily/9512/12-30/index. html. No author (1995). The Bombing. CNN interactive: Oklahoma City Bombing: http://cgi. cnn. com/US/OKC/bombing. html. Eddy, M. , Lane, G. , Pankratz, H. , Wilmsen, S. (1997). Guilty on every count. The Denver Post: rickross. com/reference/mcveigh1. html. Gorov, L. (1998). No Nichols death penalty: Jurors deadlocked; judge will sentence. The Denver Post: rickross. com/reference/mcveigh5. html. Haynes, V. D. (1998). Nichols gets life for bombing role. The Denver Post: rickross. com/reference/mcveigh6. html. Wilmsen, S. Simpson, K. (1997). McVeigh receives ultimate penalty. The Denver Post: rickross. com/reference/mcveigh3. html. Oklahoma City Bombing. History. com. AE Television Networks, n. d. Web. 23 Feb. 2013 THE TRUTH ABOUT THE OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING. THE TRUTH ABOUT THE OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Feb. 2013. Terrorist Bombing, Murrah Federal Building, Oklahoma, 1995. Oklahoma City Bombing 1995. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 Feb. 2013.